Organizational Behaviour in XYZ Consultancy Employee Engagement

Question: Depict about the Organizational Behavior in XYZ Consultancy for Employee Engagement. Answer: 1. Persuasive components existed in the association. Figure 1: Employee commitment hypothesis (Source: Saks and Gruman 2014) Representative commitment is about how to increase an associations vital objectives by building up the conditions for HR to prosper and, for every worker part, chief and administrative to be completely turned on in their occupations (Saks and Gruman 2014). The objective of representative commitment is to help the workers intellectually and genuinely to convey their earnest attempts to the greatest advantage of the business. As indicated by Andrew and Sofian (2012), worker commitment hypothesis expresses that, reasonableness among representatives, directors and pioneers must exist in a work environment. In the event of XYZ specialist, already Tim confided in his preparation advisors and bolster staffs; in this manner, they were engaged with all parts of the business (McShane et al. 2013). Visit correspondence is another main consideration of worker commitment that animates free progression of data (Bal et al. 2013). In XYZ expert, correspondence among Tim and his representatives were repetitive and workers used to stroll into his office whenever to talk about issues. Worker strengthening is another significant factor of representatives commitment that permits workers to partake in all degrees of arranging and dynamic (Saks and Gruman 2014). This perspective was likewise followed in XYZ specialist as representatives were counseled before giving them their work routines (McShane et al. 2013). The individual duties of the representatives alongside their own life were constantly regarded by Tim. Hence, he used to speak with them before concluding any occupation or task. Occupation profile was extensively defined in XYZ expert when Tim was in control. He permits different workers to build up their aptitudes by giving full-time preparing. Prize frameworks, for example, merit expands, execution rewards and extra occasion leaves existed in the association so as to rouse the staff. Week after week yoga meetings were performed to improve prosperity of the workers. Dissimilar to Fiona, Tim was a majority rule pioneer and never had confidence in organized strategies and techniques. He unequivocally accepted that composed approaches may hamper dynamic procedure and would lessen the measure of freedom (Gelens et al. 2014). That is the reason; he choices were made dependent on Tims relationship with each staff part. Moreover, execution examination framework was reasonable and straightforward as Tims belief system was If you accomplished great work, you will be compensated. Components that were evacuated under Fionas administration Fionas administration was an ideal case of dictatorial initiative. First thing that was crushed under her authority was visit correspondence. She created three divisions and selected a head for every one of those offices. Along these lines, workers were denied of speaking with Fiona straightforwardly (Bell and Marti 2012). They needed to rely upon head of division so as to tell the administration about their issues or concerns. She likewise actualized new reviewing framework for preparing advisors without talking with the representatives. Execution reward and legitimacy pay increment impetuses were additionally shut and these were supplanted with yearly in all cases increments. What's more, the well disposed work structure made by Tim was likewise obliterated by Fiona as she rebuilt the working environment where she and the HoDs were allotted with private workplaces on the ground floor. This hampered the relationship among the higher specialists and representatives as they began to accept that XYZ is not any more a decent work environment (Bell and Marti 2012). Also, because of biasness, workers lost their trust on execution examination framework. Workers were additionally not getting legitimate preparing and that is the reason; they began utilizing their more seasoned preparing bundles. Furthermore, Yoga meetings were additionally excused by Fiona as per her it was an exercise in futility (McShane et al. 2013). 2. Authoritative equity and value hypothesis of inspiration Authoritative equity: This hypothesis alludes to worker impression of fairness in an association. These recognitions can be partitioned into three classes which are distributive, procedural and interactional equity that contains instructive and relational equity. Distributive: Distributive equity assists with understanding whether all the workers are being paid reasonably or not. It additionally assesses if all workers are accepting vocation openings and advancements decently or not (Mahajan and Benson 2013). Distributive equity was missing in XYZ as representatives needed to enroll them in the great books Fiona so as to get better customers, work timetables and advancements. That is the reason; they were irate and gazing calling the framework debilitated and unreasonable. As indicated by Andrew and Sofian (2012), distributive equity hypothesis is partitioned in their speculations which are utilitarianism, equity as reasonableness and qualification hypothesis. Utilitarian hypothesis accepts that the main good impulse is to amplify the absolute number of satisfaction on the planet. By and large utilitarian will serve for a restricted ruler of distributive movement, for example, removing cash from the rich and offering it to the needy individuals. In business association it tends to be executed in way where compensation of the CEO will be decreased with the goal that representatives can show signs of improvement pay (Lã„æ'zã„æ'roiu 2015). Then again, equity as decency is to see how things will function in a working environment. Qualification hypothesis expresses that it is uncalled for to meddle in somebody elses opportunity. Value hypothesis of inspiration This hypothesis expresses that workers are spurred by decency in the association. As indicated by Lã„æ'zã„æ'roiu et al. (2015), the higher a people impression of value, the more roused they will be. It additionally expresses that on the off chance that some is dealt with unjustifiably in an association, at that point he will be de-inspired. Something very similar is occurring in XYZ specialist as workers are not rewarded reasonably (McShane et al. 2013). Leader of the divisions alongside Fiona never offered significance to their representatives and to their choices. They began making rules, plans and different choices without speaking with it with the representatives. Also, they are disposed of a few persuasive variables of the association. Accordingly, representatives began feeling de-propelled and began to stop their occupations (Shields et al. 2015). The center of this hypothesis relies upon the standards of equalization or value. While ascertaining reasonableness, representative thinks about the activity contribution to terms of inclusion to result as far as remuneration. Value hypothesis discernments is demonstrated as follows (Mahajan and Benson 2013), O/I an Under-remunerated (value pressure) O/I a = O/I b Equity O/I an Over remunerated (value pressure) Value is purported when the proportion is equivalent. In the event that this proportion is inconsistent, at that point it will show value strain. Suspicion of this hypothesis incorporates that the people are concerned with their awards as well as with what others get in their examination. Then again, representatives regularly anticipate a reasonable and evenhanded return for their activity and for what they contribute for their association. Representatives who imagine that they are in a circumstance that is biased will endeavor to lessen their disparity by twisting data sources or potentially results mentally (Gelens et al. 2014). Then again, now and again, workers quit the association in the wake of being dealt with unjustifiably. Furthermore, four primary recommendations of value hypothesis are, Every worker looks to augment their results. Groups and gatherings have the aptitude to misuse aggregate prizes by creating acknowledged frameworks for impartially distributing prizes and costs among the individuals. On the off chance that workers wind up in biased relationship, at that point they will get bothered. Those individuals who discover them in the condition of disparity will attempt to dispense with it by reestablishing equity. References Andrew, O.C. what's more, Sofian, S., 2012. Singular factors and work results of representative engagement.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,40, pp.498-508. Ayim Gyekye, S. what's more, Haybatollahi, M., 2014. Connection between hierarchical equity and authoritative security atmosphere: do decency recognitions impact representative wellbeing behaviour?.International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics,20(2), pp.199-211. Bal, P.M., Kooij, D.T. also, De Jong, S.B., 2013. How do formative and accommodative HRM upgrade representative commitment and duty? The job of mental agreement and SOC strategies.Journal of Management Studies,50(4), pp.545-572. Chime, R.L. what's more, Martin, J.S., 2012. The significance of logical administration and value hypothesis in regular administrative correspondence situations.Journal of Management Policy and Practice,13(3). Gelens, J., Hofmans, J., Dries, N. what's more, Pepermans, R., 2014. Ability the board and hierarchical equity: worker responses to high potential identification.Human Resource Management Journal,24(2), pp.159-175. Lã„æ'zã„æ'roiu, G., 2015. Worker Motivation and Job Performance.Linguistic and Philosophical Investigations, (14), pp.97-102. Mahajan, A. also, Benson, P., 2013. Authoritative equity atmosphere, social capital and firm performance.Journal of Management Development,32(7), pp.721-736. McShane, S., Olekalns, M. also, Travaglione, T., 2013. Authoritative conduct: Emerging information, worldwide bits of knowledge.. Ryde.New South Wales, Australia: McGraw-Hill. Norman Yachya, S.T., MM, M., BA, N.Y. also, ST, M., 2016. Impact OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP STYLE AND ORGANIZATION CULTURE TOWARD EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION A CASE STUDY AT PT XYZ (CONSULTING COMPANY).DERIVATIF,10(1). Saks, A.M. also, Gruman, J.A., 2014. What do we truly think about representative engagement?.Human Resource Development Quarterly,25(2), pp.155-182. Shields, J., Brown, M., Kaine, S., Dolle-Samuel, C., North-Samardzic, A., McLean, P., Johns, R., Robinson, J., O'Leary, P. a

Research report-Tour Down Under Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Report-Tour Down Under - Research Paper Example A portion of the eminent occasions incorporate AFL Grand Final, Clipsal and Tour Down Under. In view of its fame among Australians and outsiders, Tour Down Under has been perceived as a significant game the travel industry occasion. Visit Down Under (TDU) is a cycling occasion held in South Australia. In view of its notoriety in the nation and over the globe, TDU draws in enormous quantities of voyagers therefore having a positive ramifications for the South Australia economy just as social and social parts of the district. Being held in January every year, the occasion has kept on pulling in an enormous number of members in this manner making it go about as a significant wellspring of the travel industry fascination. To the inhabitants of Australia, TDU isn't just observed as a donning action yet additionally as a cause and global occasion that incredibly advantage nearby individuals and the administration (Hall, 1992). This paper looks to assess the effect of the Tour Down Under on various partners. What's more, the paper will examine a technique of utilizing the occasion to draw in more visitors to South Australia. ... For example in 2011 and 2013, 782,300 and 760,400 onlookers individually encountered the Tour Down Under. Because of the huge number of observers who originate from different nations, the occasion was perceived by the Qantas Australia Tourism Awards in 2011 and 2012 as the best celebration occasion. So as to pull in more observers, the Australia government as a team with Mike Turtur, the Tour Down Under executives, attempts broad advancement methodologies. For instance, in 2013 occasion the coordinators held that when the Tour Down Under would hit the Adelaide Hills all the observers would encounter an European-style treat (John, 2013). Along these lines, the occasion has profited by a solid dedication from the observers consequently making it increasingly well known. An eminent part of the observers is the production of celebration environment by making solid fellowship with the guests hence prompting guest fulfillment. 3.0 Impacts on members Tour Down Under members incorporate each of the 19 UCI WorldTour. When the groups are prepared, they join the Australian National UniSA group in this way framing the Australian National UniSA group. Each group comprises of seven riders (Gammon and Robinson, 2003). One of the central point that empower the occasion to pull in an enormous number of members just as onlookers is the visual properties of the scene inside which the occasion is held. The indigenous habitat, the beautiful vineyard and the ocean, cause the occasion to give a solid encounter to the members (Gibson and Heather, 1998). A portion of the significant areas that make up the visit incorporate Barossa, Clare Valley, urban circuits, Saddleworth, Norwood and Hahndorf among different towns. Visit Down Under welcomes the champs of every year to join other

Fighting Link Rot in Webtexts Richmond Writing

Fighting Link Rot in Webtexts Richmond Writing It just happened this week. I got an e-mail from a student doing research on the Beat Generation. Shed discovered a site I did a decade ago (or more) using a campus MOO, a text-only virtual world.   My build in the world was a writers space that resembled my vision of a 50s coffee shop in San Franciscos North Beach neighborhood. RichMOOnd is long gone but the site about it remains on our server and I guess Google picked it up. The links to Beat-Generation sites have long vanished or moved. Its a common problem, but as I read in The Chronicle of Higher Education, a group of scholarly publishers called CrossRef have been working for a decade to solve this problem.   Their plan will provide a sort of digital ISBN for publications. While I love the idea, it wont help self-published work (such as this blog). What can writers outside the CrossRef imprimatur do?   I claimed in a publication a few years ago that the hyperlink is the first new form of punctuation to come along in a while. It contains the sense of multiple conjunctions, depending on context. For the link above, its an and but in some cases it can be and/but or and/or, depending upon the context and the writers intention. I teach students who are Google-happy to find an academic source for information, preferably one that is archived.   Even when a casual source offers well written content, will it still be there in a year? Students often dont care, since they they their work to be ephemeral, but if a class project endures, employers and prospective employers might want to see the brilliance on display. Thus I point students to libraries, government sites, and university pages for hard links to at least keep the rot minimal.

Analysis Of The Movie Broadway - 2812 Words

A war is fought on many fronts. The war front were the actually fighting takes place. The government front were the stiff shirts fight politics. The home front were the people still at home have to deal with the repercussions of war. And the public front were people still had to go about their daily lives. This is where Broadway was born and raised. Broadway was just getting started in the late 1860’s so it was still a baby when World War One began. Broadway was loved by all and people could go see their favorite shows, with their favorite actors for the low price of $1.50 or $2.00. Before WWI Broadway was not really concerned with the outside world, but the war changed all that. Soon the only thing one could see a play on was the war, or†¦show more content†¦To this Cohan’s friend was nice enough to point out that he would have to be in a union to run an elevator (Kenrick, 1996; revised 2014). Even after everything was settled he did not join any union, and he is to this day the only person who was allowed to perform in union shows without an equity card (Rusie, 1998). The war had a huge effect on the world, Broadway included; Broadway did its best to help with the war, but WWI still changed the style of Broadway, and how it worked. In 1917 Dr. Frank Crane said, â€Å"The stage is not a nation’s weakness, extravagance or undoing, but it is a nation’s deep refreshment that gives to the hearts and minds of a great people that spirit of courage and light and adventure that is needed to achieve success in the arena of world conflict. (Atkinson, 1970)† Dr. Crane was more than right in his statement. Broadway was not taking away from the war, or trying to shove it in a corner, acting, and hoping that it did not exist. They were embracing it, and were helping the cause. During WWI Broadway was teeming with servicemen. To help those coming to Broadway for the first time, information centers were set up all to help soldiers. These centers would give soldiers information, such as what shows to go see in their short time in the city (Atkinson, 1970). These soldiers would not stay in the city for long, but when they were there Time

Parent s Choices Affect Children - 2437 Words

Parent’s Choices Affect Children’s Choices Growing up, there was always a commotion around my house. I grew up with two older brothers that could win a medal for making noise. Despite their uncanny ability to annoy me, I still am very appreciative that I have them. My brothers have been so helpful and have taken care of me my whole life. They have been great examples to me and have taught me so much about life. It’s nice having someone who looks out for you no matter what. They are my lifelong friends that I grew up with just a bedroom away. There are so many inside jokes and we always have a ton of fun, even when we are just hanging around the house. I feel like growing up without them I wouldn’t be the person I am today. Brothers and sisters can have a huge impact on the type of person we grow up to be. I have many friends that are only children, so this makes me wonder- What is it like to be an only child? To begin my research, I looked for direct quote s from only children about what it is like to actually grow up without siblings. I found a quote from a Rolling Stone article called The Private Life of Natalie Portman where Portman said, â€Å"I would have never been an actress if I weren’t an only child, because my parents would never have let me be the star of the family at the expense of another child.† (Heath). This shows that without siblings you would get much more attention from your parents. This could lead to more opportunities because your parents wouldn’t have toShow MoreRelatedChildhood Obesity Is A Growing Epidemic1297 Words   |  6 Pagesone-third of the children there are overweight, and by 2050 that number could rise to an alarming two-thirds (Phillips 2). There are many uncontrollable factors in childhood obesity such as the environment, income and genetics. However, parents are the most overlooked factor. Our children’s futures, with regard to their eating habits, are in the hands of their parents. Ultimately, children grow into adults who make their own choices, but parents can have a positive effect on the children s health in theirRead MoreWhat Is A Leader?1207 Words   |  5 Pageswork. The parent(s). Many forget that leadership begins at home. The most influential time of an individual falls between birth and 5 years old. This makes the parent(s) the most influential person in every individual’s life. Early Psychologists such as Erik Erickson (1963), Jean Paiget (1967) and Abraham Maslow (1970) all stressed the extreme need an infant and toddler have for attachment and environmental support. Everything ranging from the type of housing, presence of the parent(s) and the livingRead MoreEffects Of Parental Investment On Children853 Words   |  4 Pagesinvestment includes any investment by the parent in an individual offspring that increases the offspring’s chances of survival, at the cost of the parent’s ability to invest in other offspring (Travier, 1972). Since investing on themselves is as important as investing on their children, parents have to choose between caring for a child and acquiring the resources needed to insure their own productive and reproductive successes (Turner McAndrew, 2006). Th is choice can be influenced by the social, culturalRead MoreHow Does Divorce Affect Children?1364 Words   |  6 PagesHOW DOES DIVORCE AFFECT CHILDREN? By Angela Russell Suzanne Sutphin Soc201 March 19, 2016 HOW DOES DIVORCE AFFECT CHILDREN Introduction I. Statistics of Divorce A. Divorce rates in early 1900s 1. Reasons for divorce in early 1900s B. Divorce Rate in 2000s 1. Reasons for divorce in 2000s II. How kids handle divorce A. Attitude 1. School life 2. Home life B. Blame 1. One parent vs the other parent 2. Anger III. Helping kids handle the split A. Therapy 1. One on one therapy 2. Family counselingRead MoreThe Social Problems Of Children1652 Words   |  7 Pagesannually. That s more than double what it was in 1992 (Lagorio, 2007). Lawlor and Prothero (2002) cited recent numbers for the spending influence of children up to twelve years in the United States. These children controlled spending of $28 billion in 2000 from their own allowances and earnings, and also they influenced $250 billion of family spending. (Oates, Blades and Gunter, 2003, pg.401). In this paper, it will being explaining what social problems are caused when children are marketed to andRead MoreChildhood Testing For Late Onset Genetic Diseases1634 Words   |  7 Pagesfuture and can strain the relationship between parent and child. Yet, Dena Davis has been criticized for these claims in many publications, including a popular article by Mary Ann Sevick. In this paper, I will argue that children should not be forced to know their fate and show that the critics are not looking at the bigg er picture. Davis recognizes in the first part of the chapter that there are both advantages and disadvantages to having children tested in order to assess their carrier statusRead MoreLow Income And Low Academic Achievement1270 Words   |  6 Pagesworld revolves around money, but it does. Goals in life cannot be taken anywhere without money. Money is the most important thing when it comes to quality education. The children from low income families academic performance is highly affected. Low income families struggle with educating their children. Income and wealth can affect educational outcomes in a number of ways. Income has a direct impact on the affordability and accessibility of those educational services which charge fees or if transportRead MoreLow Income And Low Academic Achievement1270 Words   |  6 Pagesworld revolves around money, but it does. Goals in life cannot be taken anywhere without money. Money is the most important thing when it comes to quality education. The children from low income families academic performance is highly affected. Low income families struggle with educating their children. Income and wealth can affect educational outcomes in a number of ways. Income has a direct impact on the affordability and accessibility of those educational services which charge fees or if transportRead MoreThe Effects Of Low Income On Academic Performance1284 Words   |  6 Pagesworld revolves around money, but it does. Goals in life cannot be taken anywhere without money. Money is the most important thing when it comes to quality education. The children from low income families academic performance is highly affected. Low income families struggle with educating their children. Income and wealth can affect educational outcomes in a number of ways. Income has a direct impact on the affordability and accessibility of those educational services which charge fees or if transportRead MoreHow Broken Homes Affect Teens826 Words   |  4 PagesBroken Homes Affe ct Teens According to statistics 50% of children born to married parents today will experience the divorce of their parents before the age of 18. When parents have a divorce not only does it affect them but it also affects their kids, broken homes is a very big issue. Children have emotional damage and physical damage, this can lead to bad grades or even worse bad health. Children of all ages are affected by a divorce in someway. In 1980-1981 it was proven that children in repeated

How Effective Is Cooling Down Free Essays

?How effective is sweating at cooling you down? DC The temperature of each test tube that contains water which had different conditions that was measured each minute Temperature (Â ±0. 05 Â °C) Minute Dry Dry/Windy Wet Wet/Windy 1 77 82 70 76 2 75 80 64 70 3 72 76 59 65 4 69 73 55 60 5 67 71 53 57 6 65 68 50 53 7 64 66 48 51 8 63 64 46 48 9 61 61 44 46 10 59 60 42 44 11 58 58 41 43 12 56 56 40 41 13 55 55 39 40 14 54 53 38 38 15 53 52 37 37 (All number is put into one whole number) DCP The percentage change of the temperature of each test tube that contains water which had different conditions that was measured each minute + average percentage change Percentage change in temperature (Â ±0. 5 %) Trials Dry Dry/Windy Wet Wet/Windy 1 27 34 31 67 2 31 37 47 51 3 29 60 4 34 32 61 75 5 37 42 52 62 6 31 53 7 35 41 57 63 8 29 39 53 60 9 35 38 61 70 10 37 43 57 54 11 30 36 52 60 Average 32 38 53 62 (All number is put into one whole number) Calculations: Percentage Change in temperature: (Final-Initial)/Final x 100 = % change Initial Data chosen: Dry; Final=53, initial=79. We will write a custom essay sample on How Effective Is Cooling Down or any similar topic only for you Order Now 9-53/79 x 100 = 33% Average percent change in temperature: The sum of all percent changes in temperature for dry / the number of percentages 27 + 31 + 29 + 34 + 37 + 31 + 35 + 29 + 35 + 37 + 30/11 = -32% average percent change in temperature Conclusion The experiment was designed to investigate how sweating is effective on cooling you down. Four test tubes containing water that was all in different conditions of one being a normal test tube covered in newspaper, the same but was blown with a fan, a wet test tube covered in newspaper and the same one that was blown with a fan. For fifteen minutes, the temperature of the water in the test tube is measured every minute. The results above have shown that the test tube that was covered with dry newspaper’s percentage change is not that great from the original to the final temperature, as it is only 32%. As wind is blown to the same dry newspaper test tube, the percentage change of the temperature increase, being 38%. When it comes to the test tube covered with the wet newspaper the percentage change increase much more with a 53 % change. The highest percentage change, with 62% is the test tube that was covered with wet newspaper and blown by the wind. In theory, as our body heats up over the normal temperature, our body senses that there is an increase in heat, therefore it releases heat as sweat to cool us down. This is monitored by a part of our brain called the hypothalamus which monitors the temperature of blood in our body. The hypothalamus sends signals when our blood temperature increases or decreases. It sends signals because there is a change in levels, this called negative feedback. The signals sent is then carried by neurons to other parts of the body, this process happens by the arterials being widen, which then will make the blood flow through our skin. Consequently, our shunt vessels will close; the blood will then transfer heat from our body core to the skin. Thus the temperature of our skin will increase, which then eventually cause our body to sweat. Based on the results that were obtained from the data were similar to the theory, when our body is wet, the temperature changes and decreases more. Similar from the data above, the wet newspaper had a 53% changed compared to 32% dry newspaper. This indicates that when our body is wet, there is a higher chance of a larger percentage change than being dry. Same, when the wind blows to the newspaper, it made it faster for the temperature to return normal. Furthermore, the Standard Deviation error bars are not too far apart to the column thus it shows that my data is fairly accurate. Evaluation Limitations Why? Suggestion The different initial temperature of water Because the water that was poured into the test tube had different temperatures at the start, the change in temperature of each test tube aren’t constant By boiling the water in a specific temperature, so that when it is poured the temperature will be the same The layering of newspaper for each test tube When the layering of the newspaper is thick, it will keep the test tube slow down the rate of changing temperature, with a thin newspaper, it will be faster Keep the newspaper layering at the same thickness, make sure each test tube is covered in the same amount of layers Difficult to tell the temperature through the test tube/newspaper Because we can’t raise the thermometer up, there was a difficulty in reading it, as it was covered by the newspaper, so then we had to guess sometimes By layering it with something more translucent, so that it will be easier to see The different distance of the fan As there was no standards for the length of distance of the fan to the test tube, the percentage change will not be precise By making the distance from the fan to the test tube a control, thus having the same distance for each How to cite How Effective Is Cooling Down, Papers

Information Systems Analysis of Allsports Club-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Information Systems Analysis and Design of Allsports Club. Answer: Introduction As the Allsports club is managing all its information manually which is quite complex process as well as expensive which is affecting the revenue collection of the club. This happens as all of these processes consumes a lot of money in terms of both material cost and manpower. Therefore, this report contributes to the feasibility of the development of the information system for the club in order to automate and online all the processes. In addition to that, the report also consist of discussion about the approach taken for the development of the system, system requirements, and cost benefit analysis of this project. Moreover the report also contributes to the, schedule of the project and System Information Requirement Investigation techniques to be used in this project. Approach to Systems Development Existing system/process and issues with the system Presently the president of the club uses the word processor package and the spreadsheet applications in which they are experiencing some difficulty in order to follow and find out and track different details of the articles submitted by the members of the club and the advertisements provided by the businesses organizations. Due to this complexity, recently some of the news letters are published after the promised date. Using this manual system the president is also unable find out the members who have not edited a single newsletter for once. The club completes a wide range of transactions and activities to accommodate the needs of the club such as collecting the advertisements from the businesses organizations, colleting articles from the players and the members of the club (Hasan, Loucopoulos and Nikolaidou 2014). The club also have a considerable amount of operational data that has a fairly high complexity and is hard to manage in the manual way. Selected approach for the development of the proposed application As the detailed requirement for the proposed application is not clearly defined, thus it is proposed to use the adaptive SDLC approach for the development of the proposed information system (Ates, Yaman and Yalinkaya 2016). The adaptive methodology for the system development takes a tactical and iterative approach to for the development of the proposed system where the main focus is on the capabilities of the development team to convey a functional system in trivial iterative software packages. Justification for the section of the approach This approach will be helpful for this project as this project will cover different changing requirements by the members and the president of the club. Thus use of the adaptive approach will help in accommodating new legitimate requirements for the systems provided or asked by the club in the mid of the project life cycle. Systems Requirements Functional System requirements Searching of the members: The user or editor of the newsletter shall be able to search all the members who had edited the newsletter at least once in their membership period or the time period specified by the user (Ates, Yaman and Yalinkaya 2016). They can get the initial set of members databases or select a subset from the total members database used as the back end of the system. The system shall provide appropriate viewers for the user to read documents or data stored in the database. User log: Every data transaction by any of the users shall be recorded in a log file in order to find out the responsible individual in any kind of accidental data exposure so that this kind of accidents can be avoided by taking corrective measures. The user data creation, modification and deletion would require permission of the manager level employee or members of the club, so that the data cannot be easily altered by anyone in the organization. Different authorization levels: As there are different types and levels of users of the proposed system thus there will be different roles in the system. User can be president, general members of the club and the editors of the newsletter (Hasan, Loucopoulos and Nikolaidou 2014). In the proposed information system the president can have all the access to update the records in the system whereas general can insert their personal data and read them but cannot edit them without the permission of the president. Reporting: Report generation for the list of all members, list of all members without email addresses and the newsletters they have edited, list of articles to be published, list of advertisements to be published, list of all members with email addresses, list of all members, for the analysis and evaluation can be done by the proposed information system. Non-functional requirements of the proposed system Performance: The developed information system must ensure that the multiple applications interfaces can be concurrently facilitated by the system without system crashes (Mueckschel and Koehler 2014). Search or modification of the data and the report should be done in reasonable amount of time and without too much delay. Other non-functional requirements includes, Interoperability of the system (the system needs to be capable of running on several platforms), Reliability (whether the data stored in the information system is reliable) and Scalability (the system should be scalable as the number of users increases with time). Project Cost Benefit Analysis The cost benefit analysis records the project costs and substantial or tangible benefits in order to calculate the ROI or the return on investment, NPV (net present value) IRR (internal rate of return), and the total payback period. At that point, the distinction between the expenditure and the advantages from making the move to the move are figured out (Ates, Yaman and Yalinkaya 2016). A general dependable guideline for this analysis is the expenditure of the project ought to be less than the fifty percent of the estimated benefit and the payback time frame should not surpass more than a year. The following table shows the cost benefit analysis of the Project Schedule The above figure is the gnatt chart for the given Information system development project for all sports club which is named as ASCIS. The project colonist of planning, requirement analysis, design, development, testing, implementation and maintenance phases. The total time limit for the project is given by 89 days where as the budget for the given project is $60,000. The following is the work breakdown structure for the different subtasks under the above mentioned main project activities or tasks. System Information Requirement Investigation Techniques For this project, the following techniques can be used for the investigation of the system requirements. Interviewing club members and president: Interviewing is a way for face to face interaction strategy used to assemble facts and requirements from the end users or the clients of the proposed information system. The interviewer of this process will ask some specific inquiries in order to get valuable data from the end users of the proposed system. Document /Record Analysis: This requirement gathering strategy tries to inspect existing organizational information, records, manuals and documentations of the procedures for the current operations (Mueckschel and Koehler 2014). This strategy permits the investigator to get practical data about the existing process and system in the organization. Use of questionnaire: The strategy uses a list of questions or a questionnaire that comprises of a standard list of questions for the end users. This list of questions might be through the electronic mail (Ates, Yaman and Yalinkaya 2016). This process can be done using a paper based technique too. The questionnaires would typically incorporate distinctive sorts of inquiries. Conclusions After the development of the propose information system the club will be able to utilize their human as well as economic resource more optimally and manage their data more efficiently. Redundant processes to record, modify or deletion of the data of different process will be eliminated which will lead to better efficiency of the club. The system will also, ties together all the key elements of sporting activities transactions completed by the president of the club and the editor of the newsletter published by the club. References Ates, S.S., Yaman, K. and Yalinkaya, A., 2016. DESIGNING OF A SCALE FOR DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM PROJECTS'PLANNING: A CASE STUDY. The International Journal of Transport Logistics, 16, p.1. Hasan, M.M., Loucopoulos, P. and Nikolaidou, M., 2014. Classification and qualitative analysis of non-functional requirements approaches. In Enterprise, Business-Process and Information Systems Modeling (pp. 348-362). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Hirschman, A.O., 2014. Development projects observed. Brookings Institution Press. Jrad, R. and Sundaram, D., 2015. Inter-organizational information and middleware system projects: success, failure, complexity, and challenges. Laudon, K.C. and Laudon, J.P., 2016. Management information system. Pearson Education India. Mueckschel, C. and Koehler, W., 2014. Web based information systems in environmental research projects. ENVIRONMENTAL SOFTWARE SYSTEMS, p.169. Valacich, J.S., George, J.F. and Hoffer, J.A., 2015.Essentials of systems analysis and design. Pearson Education. Wasson, C.S., 2015. System engineering analysis, design, and development: Concepts, principles, and practices. John Wiley Sons.

Western Influence on Chinese Painting free essay sample

Effects of European artistic style content on Chinese landscapists in 18th Cent., role of paintings brought to China by Jesuits. The traditional view of Western influences on Chinese painting has been that the first influences derived from Chinese artists observation of the work of European artists in China in the eighteenth century. These influences have not been regarded as being of much significance and, in fact, were usually just dismissed as the aberrations of a few painters who placed themselves outside the long Chinese tradition. James Cahill and others have proposed, however, that earlier influences of a more substantial kind are to be found in the work of landscape painters of the late Ming and early Ching periods. An examination of Cahills claims shows how the European influence was integrated into the work of certain painters and eventually passed on to others who followed them. These influences do not include outright changes in subject matter or blatant alterations

The Comparison of iPhone, Droid, and BlackBerry

The Comparison of iPhone, Droid, and BlackBerry Executive Summary The report provides the comparison of three types of smartphones which are iPhone, Droid, and BlackBerry. The comparison is realized with references to the analysis of the smartphones’ basic technical characteristics and applications. The purpose of the smartphones’ critical examination is to choose the most appropriate model among the variants proposed by three leading producers within the market. The main requirements accentuated while examining the variants are the options and functions of the model and its appropriateness for the everyday personal use. To provide the necessary analysis of three types of smartphones, such criteria as the peculiarities of the operating system, usability, apps, the characteristic features of the models, and their price were determined.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Comparison of iPhone, Droid, and BlackBerry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More iPh one 4S was recommended as the most fitting variant according to the presented criteria. Introduction The modern market of digital devices proposes a lot of different variants to satisfy the taste of any customer. Each person concentrates on a range of characteristics which are important for him and necessary for completing the definite business tasks (Rentz, Flatley, and Lentz). Smartphones as the mobile devices of the new generation are practical and easy to use because they are characterized by the possibility to provide a number functions and operations. Such smartphones as iPhone, Droid, and BlackBerry have a lot advantages, and their disadvantages are predominantly based on their differences from each other. When it is necessary to choose a smartphone for a personal use, people should determine the set of criteria according to which it is possible to concentrate on the best variant to address all the personal requirements appropriately. The purpose of the report is to compare i Phone, Droid, and BlackBerry in relation to such features as the peculiarities of the operating system, usability, apps and tools, the technical characteristics, and the price of models.Advertising Looking for report on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The characteristic features of iPhone The operating system used in iPhone is iOS. It is developed by Apple for smartphones produced by the company. The user interface of the system and menu are easy to navigate. The work of this multi-touch device depends on controlling the processes with the help of gestures. iPhone is also oriented to using ATT and Verizon’s network. The technical characteristics of iPhone as a mobile device can be discussed with references to iPhone 4S. iPhone 4S is the more progressive variant of iPhone 4, and it is based on the dual core Apple A5 CPU. Moreover, iPhone 4 and iPhone 4S are practical because 3.5 Retina Display provides the opportunities for the effective web browsing, e-reading, and using different multimedia. iPhones are characterized by a constant evolution of their possibilities. Thus, iPhone 3GS has the 3 megapixel camera, iPhone 4 operates the 5 megapixel camera, and iPhone 4S has the 8 megapixel camera (â€Å"Compare iPhone Models†). The customers can use a great variety of apps developed by Apple for iPhone. It is possible to access to all the necessary tools with the help of Apple’s App Store. The next feature of the smartphone worked out for iPhone 4S is the Siri voice-activated personal assistant. Apple’s FaceTime app (video chatting) is also considered by consumers as the useful and progressive tool. Moreover, it is possible to share pictures and music with the other users and utilize the function of 3D positioning.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Comparison of iPhone, Droid, and BlackBerry specifically for you for only $16 .05 $11/page Learn More Consumers are usually interested in the usability of devices in order to choose the model which addresses their needs. The usability of iPhone is based on the multi-touch screen that reacts to gestures and expands the possibilities to control the work, on the ability to quick-delete swipe and bulk-delete messages. The web connectivity is also of the great importance because it is possible to access to the web pages with the help of screen apps and organize the communication via the Internet effectively. The price of iPhone depends on its model, and it can start from $200-$300. It is also necessary to pay attention to the monthly service which can cost $150. The main advantages of iPhone are in its high web connectivity and effective e-mail tools based on the powerful operating system. The models of iPhone are also characterized by a variety of apps (â€Å"Compare iPhone Models†). The peculiarities of Droids The operating system used for the Droid is worked out by Google, and it is known as Android. The work of the operating system is associated with the work of Verizon Wireless. Many specialists and consumers agree that Android is the most flexible operating system. The system is easy to use, and the additional apps allow controlling the functions of the system. It is possible to concentrate on the technical characteristics of Droids, paying attention to the Droid 4. This smartphone operates Android OS 2.3.6. It uses the 1.2GHz dual core TI CPU.Advertising Looking for report on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The users also accentuate its 4 qHD display. All the Droids are characterized by providing the access to Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and GPS. However, comparing the Droid 4 and the Droid RAZR MAXX, it is important to determine the 4.3 qHD Super AMOLED display in the Droid RAZR MAXX and the usage of the 1.2GHz dual core CPU. The Droid RAZR MAXX has the 8 megapixel camera. Droids are known by the possibilities to use touch-screen typing and developed slide-out QWERTY keyboards (â€Å"Motorola Smartphones†). The access to the apps for Droids is realized with the help of the Android Market. The number of the available apps is lower than the variety proposed by the developers of iPhone. It is possible to use such tools as OS 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich for the latest models of Droids. Moreover, Android allows using the special version of Google Maps and a number of Gmail apps. The work with the word documents is realized with the help of Quickoffice app. The usability of the Droids can be consid ered according to the parameters of using the apps and controlling the work with the help of touch-screens or traditional keyboards. Having chosen the models of Droids, users can form the menu of active apps and organize them for their rapid access. This function is similar to that one presented in iPhones, but it is more developed. Furthermore, the possibility to use the touch-screen as well as the slide-out QWERTY keyboard is discussed as the advantage of Droids. The price of Droids can start from $150. The models of Droids are discussed as more available for customers in comparison with the models proposed by iPhones or BlackBerry (â€Å"Motorola Smartphones†). The important features of BlackBerry smartphones The operating system for BlackBerry smartphones is developed by Research In Motion (RIM), the manufacturer of BlackBerry smartphones. The main feature of the system is its orientation to providing a lot of possibilities for receiving and sending e-mail messages. The w eb browser is improved with each model of BlackBerry smartphones. According to the technical characteristics, the first models of BlackBerry have hardware keyboards, but the latest models, known as BlackBerry Torch, are characterized as capacitive touch-screen phones with the multi-touch display with the high resolution. The models of the BlackBerry Torch operate BlackBerry OS 7 and use 1.2GHz CPU. These smartphones have the 5 megapixel camera, and it is also possible to access to Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and GPS. Moreover, the developers of BlackBerry smartphones pay much attention to the high security requirements. The apps for different models of the BlackBerry smartphones are available at the BlackBerry Store. The users can also find them in the other stores. To work with the word documents, the BlackBerry operates such an app as Documents to Go (â€Å"BlackBerry Smartphones†). The main advantage of the BlackBerry smartphones is their developed system of the BlackBerry messenger . It influences the usability of the models and the choice of consumers who work a lot with messages and e-mail. The price of the BlackBerry smartphones is comparable with the prices of iPhone, and it can start from $200-300 depending on the model. Conclusions and recommendations The choice of the best variant of a smartphone for the personal use should be based on the flexibility of the proposed options and operations, variety of the available apps, easiness in controlling and functioning, the advanced web connectivity, and the general level of usability. According to the examined criteria, iPhone is the most powerful device with the developed operating system and a modern touch-screen display with the high resolution which is easy to use because of the responsive interface and the specifics of the menu navigation. iPhone successfully addresses the people’s demands in web connecting, and it has the great number of the necessary apps and tools that can be accessed via the Int ernet without any problems. For instance, the Droids and BlackBerry have the weaker selection of the available apps and tools. The price of the device is comparable with the other brands’ prices and meets the public’s possibilities. iPhone is recommended as the type of smartphone with the highest characteristics. From this point, the model iPhone 4S is the most appropriate choice for the personal use. iPhone 4S (â€Å"Compare iPhone Models†). BlackBerry Smartphones. n.d. Web. Compare iPhone Models. n.d. Web. Motorola Smartphones. n.d. Web. Rentz, Kathryn, Marie Flatley, and Paula Lentz. Lesikar’s Business Communication: Connecting in a Digital World. USA: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2010. Print.

1.Argue your opinion as to why people resort to terrorism as a means Essay

1.Argue your opinion as to why people resort to terrorism as a means to achieving their goals - Essay Example This paper will seek to establish the factors that drive people to resort to terrorism as a means of attaining their goals. One reason as to why people can at times choose to resort to terrorism as a means of attain their goals is because as the world continues to become increasingly globalized, economic problems and poverty have often been cited as being a contributing factor that serves to promote terrorism. Terrorists are often driven by a lack of upward mobility and a sense of relative depravation within their societies. The modern media and globalization have served to give poor individuals a rather acute awareness of their situation as compared to those who are well off (Thakur, 153). This is noted to often lead to humiliation, victimization and frustration among the rapidly growing cohorts of uneducated and unemployed urbanized Muslim youth who are able to make comparisons across countries. The glaring economic differences between the Western world and themselves can often serve to infuriate individuals in the underdeveloped countries, a factor which can often have the effect of significantly incr easing hostilities and tension. The development of such situations often allows organizations to gain the much needed attention and easy entry into societies that feel that they have been wronged by these perceived social injustices. A second reason as to why people can at times choose to resort to terrorism as a means of attain their goals is because of video games and mass media. In the essay appearing in an issue of Rolling Stone magazine, John Davidson points out that media video games violence can at times have the effect of causing increased violence among children (Qtd. in Ackley 290a). In the article Davidson highlights the results of a case study in which the results of a survey on 875 third-graders showed that

The High Court, The Crown Court & Magistrates Court Essay

The High Court, The Crown Court & Magistrates Court - Essay Example All offences which can be tried in the Crown Court are known as indictable offences. The most serious indictable offences which must be tried in the Crown Court are known as indictable-only offences. There are other indictable offences, such as theft, which can, but need not, be tried in the Crown Court. These are known as either-way offences. Below the Crown Court, at the lowest rung of the criminal court hierarchy, are the inferior magistrates' courts. Proceedings in magistrates' courts are presided over either by a bench of lay justices of the peace, who sit with a legally qualified clerk, or by a legally qualified stipendiary magistrate. Magistrates' courts try the either-way offences which are not tried in the Crown Court and also summary offences. These are crimes created by statute which must be tried by a magistrates' court. An either-way offence cannot be tried in a magistrates' court unless the accused assents to this and a magistrates' court agrees that the summary procedu re is appropriate. If the accused does not consent or the magistrates' court vetoes a summary trial the offence must be tried on indictment in the Crown Court regardless of whether the accused intends to plead guilty or not guilty. The only effect of a guilty plea is to make it unnecessary to empanel a jury in the Crown Court. ... In the majority of cases the court which convicts an accused also sentences him. High Court Her Majesty's High Court of Justice (usually known more simply as the High Court) is, together with the Crown Court and the Court of Appeal, part of the Supreme Court of Judicature of England and Wales (which under the Constitutional Reform Act 2005, is to be known as the Senior Courts of England and Wales). It deals at first instance with all the most high value and high importance cases, and also has a supervisory jurisdiction over all subordinate courts and tribunals. Appeal from the High Court in civil matters lies to the Court of Appeal and thence to the House of Lords, except when the High Court is sitting as a Prize Court when appeal lies to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council. The High Court is based at the Royal Courts of Justice on The Strand, in central London. However, it also sits as 'District Registries' all across England and Wales and virtually all proceedings in the High Court may be issued and heard at a district registry. It is headed by the Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales. By convention, all of its male judges are made Knights Bachelor, while all of its female ones are made Dames Commander of the British Empire. The High Court is split into three main divisions: the Queen's Bench Division, the Chancery Division and the Family Division. The Supreme Court Costs Office is the part of the High Court that deals with legal costs and falls outside these divisions. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Court_of_Justice If we look at the standard works of constitutional law, the only thing that is agreed is that judicial independence means that High Court judges may not be dismissed without an

Six Sigma Methodology of Engine Overheating

Six Sigma Methodology of Engine Overheating Problem The Six Sigma is methodology for continuous improvement of process quality, operational excellence and minimizes defects by keeping in mind of customer requirements. The six-sigmas aim is to achieve 1.28 process capability per million opportunities in production, design of product and in administration of products. Adaptation of six sigmas in industry can lead to unrealistic improvement. In this paper the author depicts the use of six sigma methodology for eliminating an engine overheating problem in an automotive industry. Its also explores how company can use that methods and move toward six sigma quality level. The DMAIC (Define Measure Analyze Improve Control) method used by the author to solve an underlying problem for process variation and high rate of defects. After implementing this technique, the author found sand fusion and metal penetration were responsible for jamming the cylinder head. Hence implementation of method results into a reduction in the jamming problem observed in the cylinder head and increased the process capability from 0.49 to 1.28. This improvement had an significant impact on financial statement saving ($US110000 per annum). Â   Â   Process Figure 1: Process mapping for cylinder head core making In this case study the main objective was to reduce of water jacket- passage jamming in the cylinder head of an engine. This problem was tackled by six sigma DMAIC methodology. The cylinder head is the cast product used to produced high power that is produced at the bottom surface of the cylinder head and subjects to high heat and vibration. The water jacket passage is a complex passage for water circulation around the engine. The major problem was jamming the water jacket passage leading to customer dissatisfaction. The root cause of this defects has been identified as sand fusion and metal penetration during casting. Sand fusion defects are held by high temperature molten metal fuses with the mould and core. Metal penetration is due to porosity remain in the cores. Thus, it occurs in 13 location as shown in figure 2. Figure: -2 Location of water jacket jamming The main focused on the following process to enhance the customer satisfaction and reducing COPQ (cost of poor quality) from 0.194 defects per unit (DPU) to 0.029 DPU. Sand preparation Core making process Wash preparation and coating After that authors, have been used DMAIC tool to reduce defects and improve the quality of the product. Each stage of DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyse, Improve and Control) is explained below. Figure: -3 Five step methodology of six sigma The Define Phase: This is the first step of the DMAIC in which project goal, scope, boundaries and customer requirement are defined. The projects team member includes a champion, a black belt, a green belt and two graduate engineer. Furthermore, the team member asks certain question in charting sessions such that what is wrong in the production of the cylinder head casting? where is the problem? How big is the problem? What is the impact of the problem. The team make sure that these points should be been investigated prior the measure phase. The main goal of this projects was to reduce defects from 0.194 to 0.029 DPU, which immensely decrease in the cost of poor quality. After this the team conducting destructive test on cylinder head and identified root causes and performing brainstorming to an conclusion that the jamming was due to sand fusion and metal penetration. They also conclude that the major roots cause was the porous core. The main focused on the following process to enhance the customer satisfaction and reducing COPQ (cost of poor quality). Sand preparation Core making process Wash preparation and coating The measure phase: In this phase the teams select one or more products specification, mapping the process, making necessary dimensions and establishing a baseline of the process capability or process performance. This will identify all the value and non- value added steps, key process inputs and outputs. After mapping the process the team member proceed to analysis the causes of defects using cause and effects diagram shown in figure 4. Figure: -4 Cause and effect analysis of the porous core Table 1 Causes and effect matrix Its shows thats the process variables affecting the porous core were sand leakage, blow pressure, the AFS number of the sand, the gap in core box and vent choking. After identifying that contribution of porous core is over 80%, they create cause and effect table 1 showing customer needs with respect to process characteristic that are critical to customer. The next step was to define performance standards according to customer demands. A data collection plan has been establishing to track the project output and standard setting exercise. To identify the source of variation in the measurement system a gauge repeatability and reproducibility (RR) study was conducted. Its necessary to redesign the gauge to train operator how to use new gauge and read the gauge instrument and suitable fixtures were used to help the operator for more consistency. This system is used when there is variability less than 10% od the total process variability. This study is performed to check the accuracy of the workers operating the machine. Table 2 Result of gauge RR Study Thus, the result shows that variation is 6.08% which implies the measurement system acceptable as show in table 2. From the data Cpk value is estimated to 0.49, hence it is clearly indicated that the process performance is poor and improvement needed. The analysis phase: In this phase the first step is to gather data from the process to obtain a better picture of the depth of the porous core under different conditions. Later no the data that are factor affecting are being collected over a period of 36 days from different shits as shown in table 3. This data is further analysed to determine the relationship between process parameters direction of improvement. Table 3 Factors affecting response before improvement The passage jamming tendency relation to location is shown in the figure 5 with the help of Pareto chart. This has been drawn on the bases of day to day monitoring and recording the passage jamming at 13 location were arranged in descending order on X axis of the Pareto chart. Figure: -5 Pareto chart to show location wise jamming tendency The main aim of the project team to enhance the process capability by reducing variation in the process. A regression analysis is performed to determine the significance of process parameters. According the table 4. The variation P values less than 0.05 to 0.01 that are sand leakage, bulk density, and vent choking ratio are need to be further optimised and controlled. Table 4 Result of regression analysis for process parameters The improve phase: In this phase using three process parameters sand leakage, bulk density, and vent choking ratio are identified from the analysis phase. Sand leakage When the door half and the ram half were closely packed due to misalignment of the two halves at that time sand was coming out of the core box, after this the two halves were properly aligned and packing were used to seal any opening ends. The parameter may be varied from 10 to 30g/blow. Bulk density The required bulk density of core sand is between 1.78 and 1.95 g/cm3. To increase the bulk density iron oxide and mill scale was added, the iron oxide composition was accumulated to 3% to realize the required bulk density and to improve the high-temperature thermal properties of the core sand. Mill scale addition of 1.5 % additionally helped to extend the density and thermal conductivity of the sand. Vent choking This has been considered one of the serious problems posed by the foundry men. The resin used for the core sand blocked the gap of vent by sticking during the curing process. This results in the occurrence of porous core because from the core shooter air cannot escape out of the core box and only 30 vents were blocked out of 52 vents. Thinner was used to clean this vents. This cleaning was increased from once to twice a week during each shift break. The following steps were taken to control the process. AFS number Proper care was taken of sand so that only sand grain of 65-70 reaches the hopper of shell core machine. Blow Pressure The pressure gauge was checked to maintain blow pressure range of 4-4.5kg/cm2. Baume of wash According the specification standards (52- 56 Be) the was regularly checked. Fin thickness Using corrective maintenance, the fine thickness of range 0-0.85 was brought. Design of experiment (DoE) was conducted using three process and each process was studied at different levels. To have sufficient degree of freedom each trial condition was replicated as shown table 5 the results of the experiments shown average depth of porous core. Hence, the average depth of porous core was 1.25mm. The figure 6, 7 depicts the main effect plot and the interaction plots to relate this it was decided to construct a normal probability plot of effects. Figure shows 6 the main effects were statically significant at 10% level as well as figure 7 suggest light interaction between vent chocking and sand leakage. From figure 6 it seen that the optimum level of the process parameters for minizine all three defect. Thus, the average depth of the porous was computed to be 0. 80mm. Hence, process capability was improved from 0.49 to 1.28. Table 5 Result of full factorial experiment Figure: 6 Main effect plot for the depth of the porous core Figure: 7 Interaction plot showing the interactions among the process parameters The control phase: In this phase the extensive programme was conducted for the case study. Process sheets and control charts were made to take preventive action before the process went outside of control limits. A complete data base was prepared and proper monitoring of process help to detect and correct the signals before they result into customer dissatisfaction. run charts for the depth of porous core were drawn before and after improvements. The purpose of the run charts was to analyse variability in the porous core. Figure 8, 9 shows all the point are in the specification and that variability in the porous has been reduced. Figure: 8 Run chart for the porous core before improvement LSL, Lower specification limit, USL, Upper specification limit. Figure: -9 Run chart depth of core after improvement Table 6 Comparison before and after improvement based on key metrics As shown in table 10 the comparison before and after improvement the depth of porous and various systems has been improved and control by six sigma. If I were the project leader: In this case study, Brainstorming 5 why SIPOC 5S I would like to use all tools. In first step when team is made, it made by only team member so I would like to take one or two members from outside the plants and who are not from this field. By doing this there may be chance to get different ideas from them. Here author did detail study of whole process and found the reasons of problem and best possible solutions. After collecting data, I would suggest team members to find root causes by doing brain storming and also using Ishikawa Diagram. One the other important tool that authors didnt use that should be used is VSM (value stream map) through which we can easily find bottleneck of the process. I would also have used Poka -Yoke (error proofing) tool to easily find error and controlled production of incorrect parts. Just to apply Six sigma is not sufficient to improve process of product but also maintain the quality is one of the important things in any industry. So if I were the in charge of the project I would suggest to sustain the improvements and motivate team to find more better ways of handling problems.

Microsoft Office and Figure

Table of Contents Introduction This session is targeted at those who wish to learn the new key features of MS Word 2007. It will cover use of the ribbon, adding tools to the Quick Access Toolbar and using live preview before making selections. By the time you have completed this session you should be able to: 1. Work with the new ribbon in Word 2007 2. Add tools to the Quick Access Toolbar 3. Use the Office Button 4. Use Live Preview and make selection 5. Create, save and format a document 6. Indent paragraphs and change line spacing 7. Create bullet and number list 8.Change format of bullets and number list 9. Apply borders and shading to paragraphs 10. Add a header or footer and page numbers to documents 11. Select tools from the Mini Toolbar 12. Work with Super tool tips 13. Use Launchers to display dialog boxes 14. Create and modify tables 15. Add and remove items from the Status Bar 16. Select Word Options 17. Understand the new file formats 18. Use the Compatibility Checker 19. Understand and apply the different security features Documents needed for practical are contained within the EssentialsInWord folder on the desktop or download from http://www. qub. ac. k/student Click on the Training Materials link (under Useful Information), scroll down to Microsoft Office 2007. Click on the Zip files for Word Essential. zip and download either to desktop or H drive. Right click on the zip file and select Extract All (or unzip to here) This practical should take you approximately 2 hours to complete Microsoft Word’s 2007 Ribbon When Word 2007 is first opened, a new blank document is automatically created. The ribbon displayed across the top of the screen replaces the old toolbars and menus. The ribbon is divided into eight tabs (if Developer tab is shown), plus an additional tab if add-ins are being used.The number of items shown in the ribbon will vary depending on the size and resolution of the monitor. For example, figure 1 below shows four heading styl es on the ribbon, whereas a larger monitor with a higher screen resolution would display six or more heading styles. By clicking on the downward arrow to the right of the styles, the full range of styles will be displayed. By selecting the tabs across the top of the ribbon, i. e. Insert, Page Layout, References, Mailings, Review and View, a different section of the ribbon will be displayed.Notice that the Home ribbon/tab contains many of the tools previously displayed on the Standard and Formatting toolbars. Figure [ 1 ]: The Ribbon (Home Position) To hide the ribbon, (which will allow more room on the screen) double click one of the tabs across the top. To access a tool from the collapsed ribbon, click once on the tab to expand the ribbon and select the tool. To bring the ribbon back, double click on a tab or use the keyboard option Ctrl+F1. Note that when the ribbon is collapsed it is possible to use the Alt key on the keyboard to show the shortcut keys.For example Alt+N will acce ss the Insert tab. See . Figure [ 2 ]: Short Cut Keys for Ribbon ————————————————- Across the top of the ribbon (or just below it), at the left hand side of the Title Bar, you will notice the Quick Access Toolbar (see figure 3). To add tools from the ribbon to the toolbar, right click on the tool and select Add to Quick Access Toolbar. Note: tools on the Quick Access Toolbar are saved to the computer, therefore if you use a different computer, you will not be able to access tools saved earlier. Figure [ 3 ]: Quick Access ToolbarMany of the tools contained in the earlier Edit menu, can now be accessed from the Office Button See figure 4 for list. Note that if the current document is saved on a SharePoint server, there will also be a Server Tasks button, between Publish and close. 1. ———————————â₠¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- Click on the Office Button 2. ————————————————- Right click on the Save icon 3. ————————————————- Select Add to Quick Access Toolbar Note: If the tool is already on the Quick Access Toolbar, the option will be unavailable.If this is the case, select another tool of your choice to add to the toolbar. Office Button Click on the arrows to see an extended menu in each case Live Preview Live Preview shows formatting results on text such as heading styles, font colour, background colour, etc, without actually clicking on the choice. For example by highlighting text and moving the mouse over the styles, on the Home tab, a preview of the effect of each style will be displayed without actually selecting the style. Note that not all fo rmatting options use live preview.Click on the Office Button and select Open Browse to where you have saved the Word Essentials folder and open the document ECDL Leaflet Select the first heading ECDL and ECDL Advanced Ensure the Home tab is selected and move the cursor over the heading styles Notice how the heading changes to allow a preview (without clicking on a style). Click the downward arrow to the right of the styles to access the full range. Select Heading1 style by clicking on it. (Note: the name of the style will appear as you move the cursor over each style). Bullets and Numbering 1. ———————————————— Under the heading Why Study for an IT Qualification, select the five lines of text after By studying for the ECDL at Queen’s†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 2. ——————————————â€⠀Ã¢â‚¬â€- Select the Bullets tool from the Paragraph group on the Home tab. 3. ————————————————- Scroll down to the heading What will you learn and select the seven lines of text beginning Basic Concepts of IT and select the Numbering tool from the Paragraph group. 4. ————————————————-Under the heading Moving forward with ECDL Advanced, select the text Word processing, down to Presentations and select the bullets tool. 5. ————————————————- To change the style of numbering or bullets, select the last list you created and click on the downward arrow to the right of the bullet or number tool 6. ———————â₠¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- Choose a style or select Define New Bullet to choose a picture/symbol. See figure 5. (Note Live Preview of bullets before selection) : Change Bullet types * Note: within the Paragraph group there is also a Multilevel list.See figure 6, which is a useful feature for creating sub level lists. Also under the font group there is a tool to remove all formatting from a document. See figure 7. : Multilevel List : Clear Formatting Borders and Shading 1. ————————————————- Ensure the Home tab is selected. 2. ————————————————- Select the last paragraph in the document beginning ECDL and ECDL Advanced and click on the downward arrow beside the Border tool (on the Paragraph group). See figure 8. 3. — ———————————————-Select Outside Borders, see figure 8. Figure [ 7 ]: Border 4. ————————————————- With the paragraph still selected click on the downward arrow beside the Shading tool (next to the border tool) on the Paragraph group. 5. ————————————————- Select a shade of grey, i. e. 25% * The MiniBar/Mini Toolbar Select any line of text in the ECDL leaflet document. Notice that the mini toolbar appears. See Figure 9. At first the toolbar will be quite faint but as the cursor is moved closer to the toolbar it becomes more solid.Moving the cursor off the mini toolbar and back may cause it to disappear. Right click on the selected text and it will reappear. Note t hat the mini toolbar does not produce live preview results. Figure [ 8 ]: Mini Toolbar By right clicking on text such as bullets or numbering, extended shortcut options will appear (see figure 10). Figure [ 9 ]: Extended Short Cut Menu * Super Tooltips Move the cursor over the tools on the ribbon. Notice that an extended tool tip appears. For example in Figure 11 below, the mouse was hovered over the Format Painter tool. In most cases the keyboard short cut keys also appear.Figure [ 10 ]: Super Tooltip for Format Painter * Dialog Boxes and Launchers Dialog boxes can be displayed in several ways. One example is to use the launchers. These are indicated by the small arrow in the lower right hand corner of ribbon groups, see figure 12. Click on the launcher to open the dialog box. Note that not a lot of changes have been made to dialog boxes in Word 2007 see figures 13a and 13b for one example. Figure [ 11 ]: Launcher Launcher Figure [ 12 ]a: Paragraph in 2007 Figure 13b: Paragraph in 2003 The Insert RibbonClick on the Office Button and create a new blank document. Click on the Insert tab to display the insert section of the ribbon, see figure 14. Figure [ 13 ]: Insert Ribbon From the Pages group there is the option to insert a cover page, a blank page or page break. Section breaks can now be accessed from the Page Layout tab (covered later). Note that page breaks can also be accessed from the Page Layout tab. Tables Click on the downward arrow under tables and select a three column by three row table. See figure 15. Alternatively select Insert Table to make your selection. See figure 15. Figure [ 14 ]: Insert TableThree columns by three rows Note the table tools in the ribbon with Design and Layout tabs. See figure 16 with Design tab selected and Figure 17 with Layout tab selected. Design tab Layout Table Tools Border Launcher Figure [ 15 ]: Table Tools (Design) 1. ————————————â €”———- Click into the first cell of the table and ensure the Layout tab is selected (see figure 17) 2. ————————————————- Select the top row of the table and click on the Merge Cells button within the Merge group 3. ————————————————-Select the Design tab and from the table styles (use the arrow key to the right of the styles), select Light List Accent 2 style, i. e. move the cursor over the styles and a name box will appear. Figure [ 16 ]: Table Tools (Layout) 1. ————————————————- Select the table and with the Design tab still selected, click on the Draw Borders launcher (see figure 16) to access the full range of borders and sha ding options. Alternatively click the downward arrows next to the borders and shading buttons to see the full range of options (within table styles of the Design tab). 2. ———————————————— Select All borders 3. ————————————————- Select 1 point width for the border and the colour blue. 4. ————————————————- Right click within a table cell to bring up additional options such as insert row/column, delete row/column, etc. See figure 18. 5. ————————————————- Alternatively, select the Layout tab, see figure 17 to insert rows, columns, delete table, et c. 6. ————————————————- Using figure 19 as a guide, complete the remaining cells within the table. . ————————————————- Save the document as Table Example within the WordEssentials folder and close the document. Figure [ 17 ]: Table options Courses Microsoft Office 2007 Training Courses| October| Word| Essentials| October| Excel| Essentials| October| PowerPoint| Essentials| October| Access| Essentials| November| Word| Advanced| November| Excel| Advanced| November| PowerPoint| Advanced| November| Access| Advanced| A range of other course are available in each Microsoft application Shapes and SmartArt Click on the Office button and create a new document and ensure the Insert tab is selected.The Illustrations group on the Insert tab has buttons for inserting pictures , ClipArt, Shapes and Charts, there is also an option to use SmartArt which is a new feature on the Insert ribbon. 1. ————————————————- Click on the downward arrow below shapes. A range of shapes, lines, arrows are available. See figure 18. Note the option New Drawing Canvas at the bottom of the list (this appeared automatically in Word 2003) 2. ————————————————- Select three flow chart shapes of your choice and draw them on the page, one beneath the other.Draw connecting lines from the first shape to the second and a line from the second to the third shape. Figure [ 18 ]: Shapes 1. ————————————————- With the Insert tab still selected, click on Blank Pa ge (from the Pages group). 2. ————————————————- Click on the SmartArt control and browse through the different categories down the left hand side. See figure 21 3. ————————————————- Select Block cycle from the Cycle category and click OK. See figure 21 with block cycle selected. Note the SmartArt ribbon appears.See figure 22. Figure [ 19 ]: SmartArt Figure [ 20 ]: SmartArt Ribbon Add Shape Change Colours 4. ————————————————- Click into each area of the cycle in turn and type the tasks associated with completing the ECDL qualification. See figure 23. 5. ————————————â€⠀Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- Click anywhere on the page when the cycle is complete. To access the SmartArt ribbon, double click on the shape and it will reappear. 6. ————————————————- To change the colour of the cycle, click on the Change Colours control, see figure 22. 7. ———————————————— To delete a shape, select the shape and press delete on the keyboard. 8. ————————————————- To insert a shape, select a shape next to where you want the new shape and click on Add Shape, see figure 22 9. ————————————————- To change the layout use the arrows to the right of the Layouts group and click a layout to select. 10. ————————————————- To change the SmartArt style, click on the arrows to the right of the Styles group and click the style to select. Figure [ 21 ]: Steps to complete ECDLNote: for more advanced features of SmartArt, see Advanced courses in Word and PowerPoint. Headers and Footers 1. ————————————————- Ensure the Insert tab is selected. Click the downward arrow under Header, (within the Header & Footer group) to see the full range of header styles. Click the arrow beneath Footer and Page Number to view the styles available. See figure 24. 2. ————————————————- Click on the Footer button and s elect Alphabet style. Type your name in the [Type Text] box. The page number will appear on the right of the footer. . ————————————————- Notice the view of the ribbon/tab has changed, i. e. a design tab for header and footer appears. See figure 25. 4. ————————————————- Click Close Header and Footer (see figure 25). Note: Another way to access headers or footers is to double click the header or footer area of the page. Figure [ 22 ]: Headers and Footers Note: When in the header or footer area the header and footer tools/controls appear, see figure 25. To return to the main document, click the Close Header and Footer button see figure 25.Figure [ 23 ]: Header and footer tools Quick Parts and Building Blocks Quick Parts and Building Blocks provide a menu of reusable document parts, for example headers, footers, cover page, tables, etc. 1. ————————————————- With the Insert tab selected, click on Quick Parts from the Text group. Any quick parts created will be displayed. In figure 26 below, a cover sheet for IT courses has been created and saved as a quick part. 2. ————————————————- Click on Building Blocks Organizer to see the full list and type.Select a building block and note the preview displayed. To use a building block, select it and click Insert Figure [ 24 ]: Quick Parts 1. ————————————————- With the Building Blocks Organizer open, click on the heading Name, to sort items by name. To sort by Gallery, Categor y or Template, click on the particular heading. 2. ————————————————- Select one of the building blocks and click Edit properties. The Modify Building Block box opens (see figure 27). Changes can be made, click OK Figure [ 25 ]: Modify Building Blocks 1. ———————————————— To add a document part to Quick Parts or Building Blocks, select the item (for example to create a heading with QUB logo): 2. ————————————————- Ensure the Insert tab is selected, click Header and select Edit Header 3. ————————————————- Click on Picture within the Insert tab and insert Logo_QUB from the folder saved to your desktop. 4. ————————————————- Click on the downward arrow next to Quick Parts and select Save selection to Quick Part Gallery (see figure 27). . ————————————————- Type a name for the Quick Part, i. e. QUBLogo, select the Header gallery from the drop down list. See figure 28 Figure [ 26 ]: Create Quick Part 1. ————————————————- Open a new blank document 2. ————————————————- Click on the arrow next to Quick Parts and select Building Blocks Organizer 3. ————— Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- Click on Name to sort by name and scroll down to QUBLogo 4. ————————————————- Click Insert The Page Layout RibbonClick the Page Layout tab to display the page layout section of the ribbon, see figure 29. Figure [ 27 ]: Page Layout Ribbon Margins 1. ————————————————- Ensure the ECDL Leaflet document is opened. 2. ————————————————- Within the Page Setup group, click the downward arrow under Margins, to change the margins of the document 3. ————————————————- Note t he range of page set up styles provided but in this case choose Custom Margins 4. ————————————————- Change the top margin to 3. cm and the bottom to 3. 00 cm (see figure 30). 5. ————————————————- Note the option to change page orientation (leave as Portrait) 6. ————————————————- Click OK Figure [ 28 ]: Page Set up Indents and Spacing 1. ————————————————- Select the first paragraph of text under the heading â€Å"Is your CV missing something? † 2. ———————————â⠂¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- Ensure the Page Layout tab is selected and click on the launcher button to the right of the Paragraph group (see figure 12 for launcher button) 3. ———————————————— Ensure the Indents and Spacing tab is selected and from Special select First line indent (see figure 31). 4. ————————————————- Change the line spacing to 1. 5 lines with 10 pt spacing after the paragraph (see figure 31). Click OK Figure [ 29 ]: Indents and Line Spacing As mentioned earlier section breaks can be inserted from the Page Layout tab, from within the Page Setup group, (click the arrow beside Breaks to select section breaks), see figure 29. The References Ribbon Click on the References tab to display the ribbon, see figure 32.The References tab is used f or working with long documents, i. e. generating a table of contents and index, inserting footnotes and endnotes, inserting captions for tables and figures, etc. It will not be covered in this practical. Figure [ 30 ]: References Ribbon The Mailings Ribbon Click on the Mailings tab to display the ribbon, see figure 33. Tools on the Mailings tab are used to create mail merged documents, labels and envelopes. A document has been created named ExamResults containing student exam results (three topics) for seven students. Figure [ 31 ]: Mailings Ribbon 1. ————————————————-Open the document StudentResults and ensure the Mailings tab is still selected 2. ————————————————- Click on the Start Mail Merge button and select Normal Word document 3. ———â €”————————————- Click on the downward arrow next to Select Recipients and choose Use Existing List 4. ————————————————- Browse to the WordEssentials folder and select the file ExamResults. Click Open 5. ————————————————- Position the cursor after the text Student Name and click on the downward arrow beneath Insert Merge Field 6. ———————————————— Select Student Title (see figure 34), leave a space and repeat, inserting Student_First_Name and Student_Surname 7. —————————————†”——- Position the cursor in the first blank cell of the table (beneath Module Result) 8. ————————————————- Insert fields for Introduction to Pure Maths, 9. ————————————————- Repeat point 8 above for Applied Maths and Programming (should resemble figure 35) Figure [ 32 ]: Insert Merge Field Merged Fields 10. ————————————————-Click on Finish and Merge 11. ————————————————- Click Edit Individual documents, select OK 12. —————————————— ——- Exam results for 7 students should be completed. The Review Ribbon Click on the Review tab to display the ribbon, see figure 36. The Tracking group is used to track changes made to a document and the Changes group is used to accept or reject changes. These will not be covered in this practical. The spell and grammar checker, thesaurus word count and translate tools can be accessed from the Proofing group of the Review tab.To spell check the ECDL leaflet, click on Spelling & Grammar. As with previous versions of Word, suggestions will be given, along with the option to add to dictionary. Figure [ 33 ]: Review Ribbon Proofing group The View Ribbon Click on the View tab to display the ribbon, see figure 37. Within the Document Views group the various views with text description is displayed. Also note the views are displayed in the status bar across the bottom of the window. Figure [ 34 ]: View Ribbon Developers Ribbon To show the Developers ribbon, click on the Offic e Button and select Word Options.Ensure the Show Developer tab in ribbon is ticked. See figure 38. The Developers tab is not covered in this practical. Figure [ 35 ]: Show Developer Tab in Ribbon Click on the Developer tab to display the ribbon, see figure 39. Figure [ 36 ]: Developer Tab * The Status Bar The Status Bar is positioned across the bottom of the window, see figure 40. There are over 20 choices on the bar, see figure 41. To display the Customize Status Bar dialog box, right click on the Status Bar. Items with a tick beside them will appear on the Status bar. To add an item, click on it. To remove an item, click on the ticked item.Figure [ 37 ]: Status Bar Figure [ 38 ]: Status Bar Options Word Options Previously Word options were accessed from the Tools menu by selecting Options. Word Options is now accessed by clicking on the Office button and selecting Word options. The Word Options menu will then appear. See figure 42. Click on the tabs down the left hand side to acce ss features associated with the tab. In figure 42, the Popular tab is selected showing the top options for working with Word. Figure [ 39 ]: Word Options Customize Quick Access Toolbar 1. ————————————————-With Word options still open, click on Customize 2. ————————————————- Click on the downward arrow next to Choose Commands From (see figure 43). Notice all the tabs are listed along with options to add tools not displayed on the ribbon. 3. ————————————————- Select the Insert Tab and select Convert Text to Table. See figure 43 4. ———————————————â€⠀- Click the add button to add the tool to the Quick Access Toolbar 5. ————————————————- Click OK. See figure 43Figure [ 40 ]: Add to Quick Access Toolbar File Formats Most Word files created in 2003 can still be opened in 2007. Word 2007 uses four file extensions: 1. .docx – file ending for ordinary Word 2007 documents 2. .docm – file ending for macro enabled documents 3. dotm – file ending for Word 2007 templates (does not contain macros) 4. .dotm – file ending for macro enabled templates By clicking on the Office Button and selecting Save As, you have the option to save as a Word Document (2007 version), Word Template, Word 97-2003 or select Other Formats, see figure 29.Even if the document is saved in Word 2007 format, Word 97/2003 users can still open it if they have downloaded the compatibility pack from Microsoft online. Figure [ 41 ]: F ile Formats Note: Word’s . doc used binary, whereas . docx uses XML. .docx creates smaller files than . doc and are less likely to become corrupt. Use SaveAs to save one type of document as another Save the Document 1. ————————————————- Click on the Office Button and select Save As 2. ————————————————- Save the document as ECDL Information (notice the file ending), see figure 45 3. ———————————————— Save it in the WordEssentials folder, see figure 45 4. ————————————————- Close the application Figure [ 42 ]: Save Compatibility Checker Pro vided Word 2000-2003 users download the free Office 2007 compatibility pack, they will be able to read and write to Word 2007 files. Occasionally users will get a message stating that certain features might be lost when converting between these different formats. Word automatically runs compatibility checks if a document is being saved in a different format from the current one.If you prefer, you can run a compatibility check at any time to find out if features would be lost in saving to another file format. To run the compatibility checker, click on the Office button and select Prepare, Run Compatibility Checker. See figure 46 Figure [ 43 ]: Run Compatibility Checker Ensure the Check compatibility when saving in Word 97-2003 formats check box is ticked. See figure 47. If the checker is turned on, whenever you use a feature in Word 2007 that is not supported in Word 97-2003 the Compatibility Checker will pop up highlighting the issue, see figure 48. Figure [ 44 ]: Compatibility Chec kerSecurity Features There are a range of different types of protection methods that can be used with Word 2007 Restricting Permission: Information Rights Management: This option allows users to access Microsoft’s service to restrict access to those who can open or make changes to a document. Click on the Office Button, select Prepare, Restrict permission and Restricted Access, see figure 48. Note you may need to download the software from Microsoft (see figure 47) and sign up to the service the first time you use it, see figure 50. Figure [ 45 ]: Restricted Access Figure [ 46 ]: Information Rights ManagementAt this stage it is a free trial service but it is possible Microsoft might charge for the service in the future. Figure [ 47 ]: Sign Up Style Formatting, Tracked changes, comments and filling forms Restrictions * Restricts formatting to particular styles * Protection is by password * Accessed from Review ribbon, Protect Document, Restrict Formatting and Editing (see figu re 51). * Make selection from Restrict formatting and Editing pane, see figure 52. Figure [ 48 ]: Formatting Restrictions Limit formatting to a selection of styles – tick box Figure [ 49 ]: Restrict Formatting and EditingSelect type of editing allowed from drop down list Click Yes, Start Enforcing Protection to enter password Password to Open/modify Click the Office Button, select Save As – Tools – General Options and enter the password to either open and modify or modify only, see figure 53. Figure [ 50 ]: General Options Inspect Document To inspect a document to see if it contains personal data or comments, click the Office Button, select Prepare, Inspect Document. Click Inspect on the Document Inspector, see figure 54. Figure [ 51 ]: Inspect Document Mark as Final A document can be marked as final if it had no further modifications to be made.This option will render the document read only. Users with Word 2007 can remove the feature if necessary. Users with e arlier versions of Word, even with the compatibility pack won’t even see the file as Read Only. Word Help To access Word help, click on the question mark at the right hand top of the window. Type keyboard shortcuts in the box provided and click on Search. See figure 55. Links to a range of possible solutions will be provided. See figure 55 Figure [ 52 ]: Help The Get Started Ribbon For additional help on using the Office 2007, download to your own computer the Get Started ribbon (also provided for Excel, PowerPoint).See figure 56. A range of interactive materials, videos, online training and discussion forum is provided. See figure 56. To download the Get Started Ribbon (when you return to your own computer), open a web browser and go to http://office. microsoft. com/en-us/help/HA102146851033. aspx Figure [ 53 ]: Get Started Ribbon Bibliography TitleAuthor(s)Publisher Goal Directed Project ManagementE S. Anderson et al. Kogan Page & Coopers & Lybrand, 1987 The Handbook of Pro ject ManagementTrevor L YoungInstitute of Directors, 1999 Introducing Prince – The Structured Project Management MethodC. BentleyNCC Blackwell, 1992Project Management – 5th EditionDennis LockGower, 1994 Project Management – A Managerial Approach 4th EditionJ. R. Meredith & S. J. Mantel, Jr. John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2000 Project Management – A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and ControllingHarold KerznerJohn Wiley and Sons, Inc, 1998 Project Management ToolsJacques SurveyerSoftware Development Magazine, July 1997 Project Management for the 21st CenturyB. P. Lientz & K. P. ReaAcademic Press, 1998 Project SkillsSam Elbeik & Mark ThomasButterworth Heinemann, 2000 Step by Step – Microsoft Project 2000C. S. Chatfield & T. D. JohnsonMicrosoft Corporation, 2000